What are the assumptions underlying ANOVA?
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ANOVA assumes that the samples are independent, the residuals are normally distributed, variances across groups are equal, data is collected through random sampling, and for fixed-effects ANOVA, the levels of factors are considered fixed.
ANOVA assumes that the samples being compared are normally distributed and have equal variances, meaning they should spread out in a similar way. It also assumes that the observations are independent, so the data points in one group don’t influence those in another group.