What is the role of slack and surplus in sensitivity analysis?
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In sensitivity analysis, slack and surplus variables indicate the flexibility or buffer in constraints, helping to assess how changes in coefficients or right-hand side values affect the optimal solution, with slack representing underutilized resources and surplus representing overutilized resources.
In sensitivity analysis, slack and surplus play important roles:
- Slack: Refers to unused resources in a constraint. It indicates how much a constraint can be relaxed without affecting the current solution. A positive slack shows the constraint is not binding.
- Surplus: Refers to excess resources beyond a requirement. It indicates how much more of a resource is available than needed. A positive surplus shows that the constraint is not fully utilized.
Both measures help assess the flexibility of the solution and guide decision-making regarding resource allocation and constraint adjustments.