What are the artificial variable in linear programming?
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Artificial variables are used in the two-phase Simplex method to help find an initial feasible solution when one cannot be easily identified. These variables are added to the constraints temporarily and are removed once a feasible solution is found.
In linear programming, artificial variables are introduced to facilitate solving problems with equality constraints or “greater than or equal to” constraints. They help ensure a feasible starting solution for methods like the Simplex algorithm but should be minimized or removed in the final solution.